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黑龙江大学外语部大学外语应用提高管理中心 商务英语翻译课程教案 商务英语翻译课程教案 市场力量决定的汇率制度.而 floating policy 则指用以承保多批次货运的一种持续性长期保险凭证,常译为 "统保单" .由此可见,同一个词,当和不同的词语搭配的时候,其意义是不一样的,翻译成汉语时要使用 不同的词语表达这种不同的意义. 3 注意词语意义的感情色彩 emotional overtone of meaning 有时候,在译文中选择词语还要考虑到词语意义的感情色彩.这时的选词并不-一定有对错之分,但有精 确与否,得体与否的区别以及优劣的区别.在这方面做得成功与否最能体现出一个译者的真功夫.请看下面 的例子: A foreign business representative,neither overly sympathetic toward China nor overly disposed against it,would need to be convinced on a number of scores before he could responsibly commit his firm to taking an equity position in a Chinese enterprise. 译文:一个对中国既无过度好感 好感又无过度恶感的企业代表,在代表公司在华投资,与一定中国企业形成平等股权关 好感 系之前,必须考虑许多因素. 析: 查阅词典,Sympathetic 一词的意义有 "同情的", "谅解的""赞同的" , "和谐的""合意的" , ,唯独没有"有 好感的" 这样的意思.如果照字典生搬硬套,怎么翻译其译文也不会通畅.因此,在翻译这句话时,必须 充分考虑词语意义的感情色彩和轻重分量,使得所传达的意义既贴切,又地道,又得体.这就要求译者要用 心,花时间去体会和斟酌揣摩.只有这样才能生产出令人拍案叫绝的译文. The underwriter realizes this and certainly does not set out to make life difficult for his agency colleagues. However, he has a job to do. Part of that job is to ensure that people who attempt to buy policies because they expect to "die" soon do not succeed in fooling him and his company. (Field Financial Understanding Guidelines, South East Asia, Swiss Re, p.5) 译文:核保人认识到这一点,当然不会给他的代理同事出难题,但是他又有工作要做,其中部分工作是,确保那些 因预期很快"死亡"而想方设法去购买保单的人其欺骗自己和公司的企图不能得逞 不能得逞 不能得逞. (《寿险财务核保指南》 ,(东南亚地区) 瑞士再保险公司) 析: 在英语中,专有的褒义词,贬义词比汉语里的褒义词,贬义词的数量要少得多,而且英语中词语的 褒贬大多数是靠上下文来决定的.在翻译的过程中,一旦确立了哪些词语在上下文中属于褒义,哪些词语 在上下文中属于贬义,就要在译文当中按照汉语习惯采用具有褒贬意味的相应词语来表达原文中的中性词 语的真意.本例原文中 succeed 一词的意思是 gain a purpose or reach an aim ,属于中性词语,汉语中往往 用 "取得成功""获得成效""达到目的" 来与之对应,但 "取得成功""获得成效" 均属于褒义, , , , "达 到目的" 属于中性意义.但若该词用于表示某人做不怀好意的事情,则不能再使用 "成功" 这样的字眼 了,而将其翻译成 "达到目的" 则旗帜不够鲜明,爱憎不是很分明,因此在这种情况下需要使用与之相 匹配的贬义词才比较恰当.这里将 do not succeed 翻译成 "不能得逞" 非常符合此情此景. 4 仔细区分词语使用的语体 style of word usage 在商务英语中所使用的语言一般来说都是比较雅的, 因为在商务交往中人们一般都比较客套, 比较正式, 而且所使用的往往是不带非常强烈的个人倾向的语言. The home of your dreams awaits you behind this door.Whether your taste is a county manor estate or a penthouse in the sky, you will find the following pages filled with the world's most elegant residences. 译文:打开门,恭候 恭候您的就是梦寐以求的家.无论您企盼 企盼的是一座乡间宅第 宅第,抑或是一间摩天大楼的顶屋,翻开下 恭候 企盼 宅第 面几页就可以看到世界上最高雅的住宅 高雅的住宅供您选择. 高雅的住宅 析: 上面是一则广告,该广告中的 await, be,manor, elegant, residence 等均是正式语汇,代替了口语体的 wait is, , , house,nice,place.该广告的制作人选择了较为文雅的用词当然是有很深用意的:一方面能够烘托出该种商 , , 品的高贵品质,另一方面又满足了这类商品消费者讲究身份,追求上乘的心理.这里原文的文雅用词分别以 "恭候""企盼""宅第""高雅的住宅" 译出,在语体色彩方面尽量与原文对应. , , , 5 注意表达方式的调整,使译文符合逻辑和实际情况 restructuring the expression 注意表达方式的调整, Assuming the laboratory tests go well, and you can quote us a competitive price. we'd certainly be able to place more substantial orders on a regular basis. 译文:若实验室检测合格 合格,且你们给我们的报价具有竞争力,我们一定会定期大量定货的. 合格 析: 原文中 go well 的基本意思是 "进展顺利","没出差错".但如果将 Assuming the laboratory tests go well 翻译 成 "若实验室检测进展顺利" 或者 "若实验室检测没出差错" ,则译文强调的是检测过程,这与下文的主 句 "我们一定会定期大量定货的" 所谈的内容不很相关,因为检测过程顺利与否同 "我们大量定货" 没 有必然的联系.译者将其译为 "若实验室检测合格" 所关注的则是检测结果而非检测过程,这符合实际情 况.因此,当所选择的文字不符合逻辑和实际情况的时候,就有必要调整表达方式.不同的表达方式会给人 带来不同的联想和结果,因而也就会产生不同的效果. 6 注意表达的简洁性,使句子既简洁又达意 concision / concise expression 注意表达的简洁性, Shipping detail, including whether transshipments are allowed. Also recorded should be the latest date for shipment and the names of the ports of shipment and discharge. (It may be in the best interest of the exporter for shipment to be allowed "from any UK port'' so that he has choice if), for example, some ports are affected by strikes.The same applies for the port of discharge.) 译文:装船细节:包括是否允许转运以及装船的最后日期和装船,卸货的港口名称.(就出口商而言,如能任选英国 14 黑龙江大学外语部大学外语应用提高管理中心 商务英语翻译课程教案 商务英语翻译课程教案 的任何港口装船最有利.如发生罢工等情况下,他有选择港口的余地.对卸货港口亦然.) 析: 对比原文和译文就可以发现,译文省略掉了从译文(即汉语)的角度看属于多余的成分,同时还在句法上采用 了并句的翻译方法,比如原文的第一句和第二句在译文当中被合并成为一个句子;原文中括号里面的三个句 子在汉语译文当中被翻译成为三个意义明确但同时又非常短小的句子,这样做的目的是让译文更加简洁,但 简洁并没有伤害原文的意思,反而使得译文更加符合汉语在商务方面的表达习惯. 5. Practical Exercises 1. The Board tried its best to improve the balance sheet of the company. 北京世博翻译公司2. Due diligence should be done before finalizing any large investment or acquisition. 3. The terms of the transaction have been negotiated on an arm's length basis. 4. The current US incarnation of the oversea end of the former Bell Telephone Corp. has returned to China, joining Japanese and German companies in major high-technology telecommunications manufacturing. 5. Every effort is to address customer needs. 6. The media relations manager addressed shareholders prior to the company's merger with a Swedish company. 7. In an attempt to address this problem, major banks are about to offer start-up packages to assist new business. 8. The newly-built industrial units are only 44 km to the airport. 9. Are you insured against industrial injury? 10. Its financial success has set industrial records with the highest rise in share price of any business in its sector. 11. The industrial estate is located just outside town. 6. Assignments Write down some sentences and make a translation after class IV. Complementary Materials To copy the complementary materials composed by teachers V. Reference 《商务英语英汉翻译教程》 潘红 《商务英语翻译教程》 邹力 15 黑龙江大学外语部大学外语应用提高管理中心 商务英语翻译课程教案 商务英语翻译课程教案 Chapter Four I. Teaching Objectives On completion of this chapter, students should be able to: 1. know the translation skills 北京世博翻译公司2. grasp their application in practice II. The Points to Be Highlighted 1. amplification, omission, and repetition III. Teaching Procedures and Contents 1. Greetings 北京世博翻译公司2. Review review the key points in the last period 3. Warm-up ask one student to give a translating example and make a specific analysis 4. Body 增词法概说 Amplification 增词翻译法是翻译技巧中非常重要的一种技巧,指在翻译时按意义(或修辞)和句法的需要,增加一些词 来更忠实,通顺地表达原文的思想内容;换句话说,就是在译文中明示原文读者视为当然而译语读者却不知 道的意义.增词法主要用于以下三种情况: 一,为了语法上的需要.比如英语的可数名词有复数形式而汉语的名词却没有数的形式变化,在将英语 的复数名词翻译成汉语时就需要使用增词法才能译出原文的复数形式. 二,为了表达的清晰和自然.比如在翻译 The financing of the sale often involves bills of exchange and documentary credits 这一句时,如果直译而不增词,译文就会是:商品买卖的筹集资金体现在汇票或跟单信 用证中.这样翻译既不清又不自然.在仔细分析并理解原文之后,将其译为"商品买卖的贷款收付情况体现 在汇票或跟单信用证中"意思就非常清晰了. 三,为了沟通不同的文化.在翻译中如果原文所涉及的文化是译语读者不熟悉的,就需要采用增词法来 阐释源语文化的内涵,使译语读者理解原文的含义.例如对于西安旅游点"华清池龙吟榭"的翻译,译者将 其译为 Long Yin Xie (a pavilion built specially for emperors to recite poetry)in the Hua Qing Pool 就是为了沟通不 同文化而进行的增词翻译. 为了语法上的需要而增词 Amplification by Supplying Words Omitted in the Original ● Matter can be changed into energy,and energy into-matter. 物质可以转化为能,能也可以转化 转化为物质. 转化 ● The best conductor has the least resistance and the poorest the greatest. 最好的导体电阻最小,最差的导体 导体 电阻最大. 电阻 ● In the evening,after the banquets,the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions,he would work on the drifting of the final communiqué. 晚上在参加 参加宴会,出席 出席音乐会和观看 观看乒乓球表演以后,他还得起草最后公报. 参加 出席 观看 Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own. Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; writing an exact man. Amplification by Supplying Temporal Words I had known two great social systems. The old man had taught the boy to fish and the loved him. The high-altitude plan was and still is a remarkable bird. The English language is in very good shape. It is changing in its own undiscoverable way, but it is not going rotten like a plum dropping off a tree. 16 翻译公司 (责任编辑：北京翻译公司) |