病历翻译要求译员保证精确性、严谨性，出一点差错可能会影响到身体健康，世联翻译公司为大家分享病历翻译有哪些需要注意的问题?

　　Medical record translation requires translators to ensure accuracy and preciseness. A little mistake may affect health. What should we pay attention to in medical record translation?

　　1.医学用词翻译，难在缩写和惯用法

　　1. Abbreviations and idioms are difficult to translate

　　医学专有名词汗牛充栋，有一些单词甚至长达十几个字母，或许仅仅差一两个字母便是两种彻底不同的含义。最让翻译为难的是，医生常常为了记载方便，使用了不规范的写法，如在病历中写到BP160/89mmHg。有医学布景的人一看便能明白BP为bloodpressure(血压)的缩写，但是一般人因不具有必定医学布景，很难辨认。

　　There are a lot of medical proper nouns, some words are even more than ten letters long, maybe just one or two letters short is two completely different meanings. What makes the translation most difficult is that doctors often use nonstandard writing methods for the convenience of recording, such as bp160 / 89mmhg in medical records. People with medical settings can understand BP as the abbreviation of blood pressure at a glance, but it is difficult for ordinary people to recognize BP because they do not have certain medical settings.

　　即便在同一个国家，不同区域的医生对医学术语的惯用法也有所不同。美国中部、东部和西部，英文习气就存在差异，美国各州的医院对病理科常用语也会不同，如安德森癌症医院和麻省总医院的习气用语有时就不同。所以对医学翻译来说，面对的应战很大：不只要力求精确规范，还要力争更契合国外医院医生的表达习气。

　　Even in the same country, doctors in different regions have different usage of medical terms. In the central, Eastern and western parts of the United States, there are differences in English idioms. Hospitals in various states in the United States often use different idioms for pathology, such as Anderson Cancer Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital. Therefore, for medical translation, there is a big challenge: not only strive to be precise and standardized, but also strive to be more in line with the expression habits of foreign hospital doctors.

　　由此可见，译者有必要具有必定的医学布景，不然胡乱翻译，势必会给患者及宗族的就医带来困扰，这从根柢上说是对患者健康的不担任。如果要精雕细镂，就要学会国外医生习气表达用语和临床常用缩写，让病历翻译更规范更专业，更契合国外医生的阅览习气，也能前进翻译功率。

　　Therefore, it is necessary for translators to have a certain medical background, otherwise random translation will inevitably bring trouble to patients and clans, which is fundamentally not responsible for the health of patients. If we want to elaborate, we should learn the idiomatic expressions and clinical abbreviations of foreign doctors, so as to make the translation of medical records more standardized and professional, more in line with the reading habits of foreign doctors, and advance the translation power.

　　2.医生笔迹大意，要求译者具有辨字才能

　　2. The doctor's handwriting is careless and requires the translator to have the ability to distinguish words

　　不可否认，许多医生们的笔迹确实很难辨认。他们在书写病历时并不是一笔一划地写，而是采用简写词或职业术语。比如，维生素简写为VE，倘若再用大意的笔迹书写，许多人会想到医生书写的是汉字，而实际上则是英文字母。但医生仍是能看懂其他同行写的病历。为什么医生能看懂别的医生书写的病历，而其别人不能。原因是这样的：关于一个熟知某一范畴的大夫来说，平常用药及处理方案都是通用的，别人的用药及处理方式与之相差无几，他们之所以能看懂彻底赖的是自己的阅历，并不是受过特别的笔迹书写练习。

　　It is undeniable that the handwriting of many doctors is really hard to recognize. When they write medical records, they don't write them one stroke at a time, but use abbreviations or professional terms. For example, vitamin is abbreviated as ve. If you write in careless handwriting, many people will think that doctors write Chinese characters, but in fact they write English letters. But doctors can still read medical records written by other colleagues. Why can a doctor understand the medical records written by other doctors while others can't. The reason is as follows: for a doctor who is familiar with a certain field, the usual medication and treatment plan are common, and others' medication and treatment methods are almost the same. The reason why they can understand thoroughly is their own experience, not special handwriting practice.

　　从这一点可以看出，手写病历翻译过程中，译者的专业素质对译文精确的重要性。如果没有医疗专业布景，单凭自己去辨认笔迹，翻译的效果往往欠安。

　　It can be seen from this that in the process of translating handwritten medical records, the translator's professional quality is of great importance to the accuracy of the translation. If there is no medical professional setting, the effect of translation is often not satisfactory.

　　3.差错的翻译让国外医生“水中望月”

　　3. Wrong translation makes foreign doctors "watch the moon in the water"

　　曾经有国外医生拿着一份我国患者的英文病历陈述古怪地问某位专业医学译者说：“这是什么癌?是不是我国新发现了我还不知道的癌症?”本来，这份病历上写着“spraydoorcancer”，字面意思是“喷门癌”。译者看了中文病历原文后，觉得啼笑皆非：本来中文病历上的病种是贲门癌，应翻译为“carcinomaofgastriccardia”，难怪国外医生看不懂了。

　　Once, a foreign doctor took an English medical record of a patient in China and asked a professional medical translator strangely, "what kind of cancer is this? Is it a cancer newly discovered in China that I still don't know?" originally, the medical record was written "spray door cancer", which literally means "spout door cancer". After reading the original Chinese medical record, the translator thinks that the disease in the original Chinese medical record is cardiac cancer, which should be translated as "cardiac cancer of gastric cardia". No wonder foreign doctors can't understand it.

　　类似这样的笑话许多，用这样的病历来看病的患者一般都是随意找个翻译公司翻译的，有的甚至是拉个过了英语专业八级的学生，翻译人员并没有专业的医学布景，所以病历翻译得非常不正规也不专业，国外医生根柢看不懂，而这样的后果只能是耽误疾病的医治或导致差错的诊疗成果。

　　There are many jokes like this. Patients who use such medical records to see a doctor are usually translated by a translation company at will. Some of them even pull a student who has passed CET-8. The translators have no professional medical settings, so the medical records translation is very informal and unprofessional. Foreign doctors can't understand it at all, and the result can only delay the treatment or treatment of the disease Results of diagnosis and treatment leading to errors.